157 TExES Health EC - 12 Exam Practice Questions
1. The elements involved in a health education program are:
A. Religious
B. Hormonal
C. Social
D. All of the above
2. Which family members impact a child's development?
A. Parents and Siblings
B. Primary caregiver
C. Grandparents
D. All of the above
3. School-age children develop friendships based on:
A. Appearance and personality
B. Religious beliefs
C. Guidance by authority figures
D. All of the above
4. Major developmental skills of early childhood include:
A. Exploring their environment
B. Desire to be accepted by friends
C. Less focus on one's self
D. All of the above
5. Major developmental skills of childhood include:
A. Gross motor skills
B. Using tools
C. Early language development
D. Developing competence
6. Major developmental skills of adolescence include:
A. Exploring the environment
B. Language and cognitive skills
C. Testing established limits
D. All of the above
7. Moral development is influenced by:
A. Television
B. Accepted social contract
C. Respect for the rules
D. All of the above
8. Conflict resolution in childhood:
A. Influences acceptance by the group
B. Is not important
C. Does not have to be taught
D. All of the above
9. The forms of hazardous waste are:
A. Liquid
B. Chemical
C. Medical
D. All of the above
10. The Environmental Protection Agency issues reports on:
A. School environment
B. Watersheds
C. Public housing
D. All of the above
ANSWER KEY EXAM 157
1. Answer: C
Health education is concerned with the student's quality of life and is charged with helping him form a positive attitude about his physical, social and emotional well-being. Cultural influences, home and community environment and heredity all play a role in obtaining and maintaining a healthy body and mind. To be effective, a health education program should consider all these factors. It should include the school staff, parents, district administration and community resources when designing a curriculum to teach the skills necessary in attaining a healthy lifestyle. There are three interrelated health elements involved in a successful program:
- Physical: Understanding how the body works and what outside factors help and hinder its growth and development
- Emotional: Identifying and exploring feelings, emotions and relationships and recognizing their impact on both mental and physical health
- Social: Studying the interaction of individuals with each other and within groups; understanding how everyone influences the health and well-being of the environment; the impact each person has on the overall safety of the community
2. Answer: D
Researchers theorize each child experiences the same factors differently based on his relationship to his parents, siblings grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins. Traditionally mothers were considered the most influential and crucial person in a child's psychological development. This viewpoint is slowly changing. Evidence suggests that even if the father has no contact with or direct influence on a child, dad's treatment of and interactions with mom have a significant impact on the child's development. Both the direct and indirect role of the intimate and extended family is being studied. A greater emphasis is being placed on the primary caregiver, no matter the gender or biological relationship; be it mother, father, grandparent, nanny or childcare worker. Studies have shown that siblings do influence each other's development, most notably in forming aggressive behavior and acquiring conflict resolution skills. The overall emotional climate of the family and the different approach parents take with each child has a strong influence on the relationship between the siblings as well as the power one sibling may hold over another.
3. Answer: A
When a child starts school, one of his most important social tasks is making friends. He is psychologically ready to develop more complex relationships and he moves his focus from family to friends. School-age children begin spending more time with people outside the family circle. They start confiding in peers and sharing their fears, frustrations and pleasures with friends. Groups form, and sometimes evolve into cliques, based on many things from appearance and personality to athletics and other extracurricular activities. Peer pressure increases and may include dressing, talking, walking and acting alike, listening to the same music and visiting the same Internet sites.
4. Answer: A
In early childhood, approximately three to five years of age, children widen their social interactions and become more involved with and attuned to the people around them. They are eager to explore their environment, take risks, find adventure in the backyard and discover how things work. Children this age are very creative and expressive. Their world might have purple trees, an orange sky and super heroes living behind the garage. It is the responsibility of the caregivers in his or her life to encourage initiative and exploration and help the child learn from mistakes. If the caretaker offers appropriate praise when earned and is consistent with discipline when needed, the child will become more responsible, follow through on assigned tasks and develop a healthy, positive self-esteem. If the child is not allowed to make some decisions for himself and be a little independent, he may stop taking the initiative altogether and be easily led by other people.
5. Answer: B
From approximately six to ten years of age, children start school and begin moving away from the known world of home and family to the new world of academia, additional adult influences and many people their own age. Egocentric thought begins to lessen. Children learn how to manipulate signs and symbols related to objects. They learn how to make things and use tools. They discover actions are reversible, how it feels to be productive and how much fun it can be to learn something new. For many children, this is the first time they receive feedback from people outside the family circle. If the feedback is constructive and instructive, they develop competence and increase their self-esteem. However, if a child is consistently unsuccessful and doesn't learn to appreciate the learning process, he can feel inadequate and develop feelings of inferiority that can stay with him and influence the rest of his life.
6. Answer: C
Adolescence starts at about eleven and lasts until the child reaches eighteen or so. Youngsters this age learn to apply logic to abstract concepts. In the first few years of this stage, adolescents return to being egocentric because they are trying to figure out who they are and where and how they fit into the world. They explore new ideas, test established limits, both at home and in school and try to cope with and understand all the physical, hormonal and emotional changes they are experiencing. They try on different roles, personas and behaviors as they figure out which identity to embrace. It is a confusing time but a necessary and critical step in developing a positive sense of self. Parents, friends, teachers, mentors, peers and other people in the adolescent's life all have an influence, positive or negative, on the adolescent's choices.
7. Answer: D
The mores of a culture develop over time depending upon how its citizens establish, respect and follow societal norms, rules and laws. Behavior is based on a cultural social contract founded on certain universally accepted aspects of moral functioning; such as self-control, compliance, altruism, empathy and reasoning. Moral development is a life-long process that begins in infancy, grows in childhood and adolescence and matures in adulthood. The foundation of moral development is learning the difference between right and wrong and applying those lessons consistently without conscious thought to the reasons for the response. It is exhibited in a person's unconscious conduct toward, attitude about and treatment of others. If the process is distorted at one stage, it could negatively influence behavior later in the process. Children are highly influenced by and learn from the behavior of those with whom they interact on a regular basis. It is important they have good role models to imitate and emulate.
8. Answer: A
A child's ability to resolve conflicts with his peers has a strong influence on his acceptance into or rejection from the group. Learning to deal with conflict in a positive manner is critical to developing healthy friendships, which directly influences behavior, which has a huge impact on social acceptance. Elementary school children with self-control are better able to find solutions that consider both sides in a dispute, which is the way conflicts should be resolved. Social acceptance in elementary school is a fairly accurate predictor of how successful a person will be in college and in his professional career. Researchers followed two groups of eight year olds into their mid-forties. People whose peers rated their social behavior acceptable in elementary school were more successful than those who had social difficulties: A compelling reason to deal with aggressive behavior early in life because if left unchecked, it can have serious academic and career consequences later in life.
9. Answer: A
Hazardous waste contains properties dangerous or potentially harmful to humans and/or the environment. It can be liquid, solid, gas and sludge. Waste can be classified hazardous if it exhibits one of four characteristics:
- Ignitable Waste starts fires under certain conditions, spontaneously combusts or has a low flash point. Several tests can determine if a substance is ignitable.
- Corrosive Waste is capable of corroding metal such as storage tanks, drums and barrels.
- Reactive Waste is unstable under "normal" conditions. It can cause explosions, toxic fumes, gases and vapors when heated, compressed or mixed with water.
- Toxic Waste is harmful and/or fatal when ingested orally or absorbed through the skin. It can contaminate the ground and leach into water sources.
10. Answer: B
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is involved with various activities and works with other federal and state agencies, private industry and environmental organizations to develop plans to protect the environment and manage water resources and the surrounding land using a watershed protection approach. The EPA issues periodic reports on the condition of the nation's wetlands (areas that link land and water resources), watersheds (drainage basins where water, sediment and other material flows from a land mass into a body of water) and flood plains (a low area of land next to a body of water). One of the agency's missions is to preserve, protect and maintain the quality of our water resources. They are accountable to the American people for the success or failure of their efforts.
